V-doped TiO2 photocatalysts and their application to pollutant degradation

V-doped TiO2 materials (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 1.00 nominal atomic %) were synthesized by the sol-gel method characterized X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible diffuse reflectance N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, photoelectron H2-temperature programmed reduction. Two vanadium precursors (vanadyl acetylacetonate ammonium metavanadate) three calcination temperatures (400, 500, 600 °C, with without air circulation) assayed. The efficiency of as photocatalysts was studied degradation phenol UV visible lamps. photocatalyst prepared from acetylacetonate, a content 0.01 %, at 400 °C circulation (0.01VTi-400), showed best performance, reaching 100% 30% (50 μM) irradiation lamps (3 h) (5 h), respectively. To evaluate this catalyst in other structurally related compounds, two substituted phenols selected: 4-chlorophenol 4-nitrophenol. 0.01VTi-400 to be applicable phenolic compounds when substituent an activating group or weakly deactivating (for electrophilic reactions). Additionally, selectivity for presence Aldrich humic acid tested: reached 68% h, lamps). performance indicated that it is promising material further applications.